English po….
vocabulary…☺☺☺
LAPSED – come to an end; stopped; ended
DOUCHE – a jet of liquid applied internally to some parts of the body as a treatment
SAUNTER – to walk about idly
OPAQUE – dull; dark; not shining
BEGRUDGE – to give unwilling; to yield
FARTHING – a former British monetary unit
SATURATED – soaked in moisture
RUBLES – monetary unit of Soviet Union
DAMNATION – expression of anger/annoyance
HUDDLING – drawing or hunching oneself up
DEVASTATED – destroyed; desolate
RIDGEPOLE –horizontal beamat the ridge of a roof
INCOHERENT – not logically connected; disjointed; rambling
BRAZIER – metal pan to hold burning coal
SCABBARD – case to hold the blade of a sword
GAMBLING – game of chance
FATE - destiny
GRUFFLY – roughly; harshly; rudely
PERSISTED – continued firmly
INTOLERABLE – hateful
BEWITCHING – charming
DISMAL – sad; gloomy
DELECTABLE – delicious; pleasureable
TIWTTERED – talked in rapid nervous manner
WHORE – prostitute
FURIOUSLY – angrily
REVOLTING – sickening
STENCH – stink
FLEETING – momentary
ENTOMBED – buried
PEDDLING – selling
INTERPOSED – put in as interruption
INTRICATE – elaborate detail
CONSUMMATE – complete or perfect in every way
RITUAL - ceremony
PETERED –ceased; become gradually smaller
TEDIOUS - wearisome
PONDEROUS – very heavy; massive; bulky
PROFICIENT – higly competent; skilled; expert
REMINISCENT - remembering
CONSTRICTION – feeling of tightness; squeezing
FESTERING – forming pus
GHOULISH – evil spirit that speeds on the flesh of the dead or to a person who robs graves
PLAGUE – any contagious epidemic disease that is deadly
GRAPPLED – cameto grips; fought hand-to-hand
ABORTIVE – failure; fruitless attempt
INCONGROUS – inappropriate; out of place
DISPERSED – scattered
HELTER-SKELTER – in a hurried manner
CONVERGED – came togethe; brought together
INTERMINABLE - endless
DISTRAUGHT – extremely troubled; mentally confused
REQUISITIONED – formally demanded; submitted a written order
ASTROLOGER – one who believes of foretelling the future with the relative positions of heavenly bodies
CONFLAGRATION – big destructive fire
PETISHISTIC – worshipful of something believed to have magical power
DIRE – arousing terror; terrible; dreadful
CUMBERSOME – hard to deal with because of size; burdensome
MILLENIUM – 1000 years; period of great happiness
INTERCALARY – day ir month inserted in a leap year
IRRATIONAL – senseless; unreasonable
DISILLUSIONMENT – state of losing one’s false ideas
ARBITRARY – not fixed by rules; absolute
SULTRY – oppresively hot & moist
IDOLATRY – worship of idols
BAWDY – indecent; obscene
EVICT – eject; remove a tenant by legal procedure
JACKASS – stupid; male donkey
SWINDLER – one who cheats
PARRYING – warding off; turning aside
CONTRAPTION – device or gadget that one does not understand fully
CLINCH – to fasten a nail
HALTER – a rope; cord a strap for tying an animal
CADENCED – fall of the voice when speaking; modulated
GULLET - esophagus
LIAISON – linking up or connecting parts of a whole
BAFFLEMENT – puzzlement; frustration
RIBALDRY - coarseness
TRAVAIL – agony; intense pain
OBLITERATION - erasure
AMORPHOUS – without definite form
DEMAGOGUE – person who tries to stri up people by appeals to the emotion
STRATAGEM - trick
PARADOX – person that seems to have inconsistent qualities
CRITERION – standard by which one can be judged
SANCTION – permission
DISSEMBLANCE – disguise; concealment
authors…☺☺☺
- ANTON CHEKHOV * Lottery Ticket – Russian playwright & short story writer
- RYUNOSUKE AKUTAGAWA * Rashomon – Japanese author whose works reflect his interest in the life of feudal Japan [1892-1927]
- HEINRICH BOLL * Children are Civilians too – one of the most significant & outspoken postwar German writers [1917-1985]
- FRANCISCO ARCELLANA * The Mats – one of the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English
- YUSUF IDRIS * The Queue – an Egyptian narrative writer & dramatist
- ADRIAN CRISTOBAL * I Suliman
- RUDOLF THIEL * Eternal Problems of the Calendar
- LUIGI PIRANDELLO * The Jars – [1867-1936]
translators…☹☹☹
- TAKASHI KOJIMA – “Rashomonâ€
- WADIDA WASSEF – “The Queueâ€
- RICHARD & CLARA WINSTON – “Eternal Problems of the Calendarâ€
- ARTHUR LIVINGSTON – “The Jarsâ€
definition, characterization etc…☺☺☺
Lottery Ticket
Ivan Dmitritch – middle-class man w/ an income of 1200 a year,
(1)young
(2)fresh
(3)healthy
MASHA – an innocent wife
(1)ELDERLY
(2)PLAIN
(3)SATURATED W/ THE SMELL OF COOKING
MOSCOW, RUSSIA – setting
75,000 – prize
9, 499, 26 – couple’s series
9, 499, 46 – winning series
“POSSIBLE FORTUNE SO SWEET SO THRILLINGâ€
Breakdown of Expenses:
- 25,000 – real estate in TULA or ORYOL provinces
- 10,000 – immediate expenses
- 40,000 – bank investment
Their relatives would:
- Swear at them
- Slander them
- Wish them any kind of misfortune
Rashomon
Rashomon Gate – has 7 steps, 7th as its highest
- located in SUJAKU AVENUE
- GHOSTLY and BAD PLACE
KYOTO – now Tokyo; capital of Japan
SERVANT OF SAMURAI – stood under the Rashomon; (1) wears a blue kimono
(2) has a pimple on his right cheek
Devastations that struck Kyoto:
- EARTHQUAKE
- FIRE
- CALAMITIES
- WHIRLWIND
3 Conditions that made Rashomon a ghostly and bad place:
- FOXES & OTHER WILD ANIMALS MADE THEIR DENS IN THE RUINS OF THE GATE
- THIEVES & ROBBERS FOUND A HOME THERE
- CUSTOMARY TO BRING UNCLAIMED CORPSES TO THIS GATE & ABANDON THEM
2 Choices of the servant of Samurai:
- HONEST MEANS – starve to death
- STEAL – become a thief
4 Folds of Fate:
- NO IDEA OF WHAT TO DOWHEN THE RAIN STOPS
- DISCHARGED BY HIS MASTER(due to the decline of prosperity)
- AT A LOSS ON WHERE TO GO
- LOST IN THOUGHTS ON HOW TO MAKE A LIVING
WHITE DROPPINGS OF CROW – made the Rashomon an unattractive place
BECOME A THIEF – servant decided subject to doubt
LIGHT – shone faintly upon his right cheek
FIRE – servant had seen after having gone up a few steps
EVIL – terrified the servant
Children are Civilians too
1ST PERSON POINT OF VIEW – story told by the narrator/author
WAR/ ALIENATION – theme
PRISON CAMP SOMEWHERE IN RUSSIA – setting suggested by:
(1)WINTERTIME
(2)PRETTY LITTLE RUSSIAN GIRL –
peddling cakes
CIVILIANS – do not belong to the military personnel
2 Characters talking:
- SENTRY – guard
- NARRATOR – a patient
KHAKES – Russian term; girl was calling out over & over again (1)MACAROONS
(2)CREAM SLICES
(3)BUTTERMILK TWISTS
(4)NUT SQUARES
“HAVE A HEART! THE CHILD IS JUST A CHILD†– patient’s excuse
SCORNFUL LOOK – sentry’s reply
2 Rules in the Camp:
- PATIENTS AREN’T ALLOWED OUTSIDE
- CIVILIANS AREN’T ALLOWED INSIDE
BLOODY FOOL – how anyone who has a sense of duty is considered
700 MARKS – spent for a coat
2 MARKS FIFTY – price of the cakes
Seen for 3 months:
- MUD & BLOOD
- FEW WHORES
- MONEY
“HOLE IN THE WALL NEXT TO THE URINAL†– where the selling was done
ROMANTIC-LOOKING BANDAGE – what the patient had around his head
The Mats
MAT – given by Nana Emilia’s mother
- probably 21 years
- used in (1)SPECIAL OCCASIONS
(2)HONEYMOON
EMILIA Y JAIME
RECUERDO – embossed on the mat
Setting: (1)MARIVELES
(2)SOMEWHERE IN THE SOUTH
CLOSE FAMILY TIES – theme
MARVELOUS MAT WEAVER – make one for each of the members of the family with the color of their birthstone
AESCULAPIUS – Roman god of medicine & healing
MR. ANGELES’ HOMECOMING –calls for a celebration; more memorable
Characters & their mat’s design:
- JAIME – purple & gold
- NANA EMILIA – green; cadena de amor
- MARCELINA – lyre (1)eldest
(2)student of music
(3)proficient pianist
- JOSE – Aescualpius; 3rd yr medical stud
- ANTONIO – 3rd
- JUAN – 4th
- SUSANNA – 5th
- JESUS – 6th
- ALFONSO – 7th; yougest at present
- JOSEFINA – dead
- VICTORIA – dead
- CONCEPCION – dead
The Queue
QUEUE – common people’s solidarity of defense against the control of ruling class
SOCIOECONOMIC CONFLICT – theme
“Aristocratic Landowner vs. Peasantsâ€
Aristocratic Landowner – comes from a long line of Turks or Mamluks
WEST PEOPLE – cross the “agricultural roadâ€
EAST PEOPLE – go all the way round the fence
Marketplaces look like:
- LARGE VACANT LOT
- FENCE
- GATE
STALLS W/ WOODEN SHELVES – they all have in common
MARKET-DAY – most wonderful day of the week
GATHERING – regularly occurs on market days
PECULIAR CHARACTERISTIC – difference in the case of Saturday market
BARREN PIECE OF LAND WHERE NOTHING WOULD GROW – what marketplace area was
A CONVENIENT PLACE WHERE PEOPLE COULD MEET – how it become a market
TOLL – suggestion of the OLD BAILIFF
DROPPING OF CATTLE ACCUMULATED TO FERTILIZE THE LAND – time to plough the land
FROM FERMENTED BARLEY BREAD AND LIQUORICE TO LIVESTOCK – traded goods
MANSION – owner possessed overlooking the market
Mansion adorned achitecturally:
INTERMINABLE QUEUE OF PEOPLE – horrified the owner
BROKEN BOARD BE REPLACED – his order
ACACIA TREE – used to cover the gap in the fence
UPPER EGYPT – where he got people to work on the trench around the fence
MARKETS COMPANY – requisitioned the site
IRON SPIKES – replaced the old wooden fence
5 Symbolisms
- FENCE – oppresive control over the people
- MARKETPLACE – democratic process
- LANDOWNER – ruling class
- QUEUE – people’s defense of their rights
- GAP – attainment of a degree of freedom
I, Suliman
333 YEARS – span of Spanish colonization
CHRISTIANITY – given by the Spaniards
PAGANISM – old Filipino belief
UNITY – central theme
BLOOD COMPACT – Legazpi & Lakandula; disgusting memory Suliman will carry
RAINBOW – connotes happiness
SULIMAN – king of Manila; nothing but his kingship
PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS – only thing given by Suliman’s father
HOW TO DIE – Suliman will teach to his people
PANDAY PIRA – will made their weapons
GREAT LAKANDULA – Suliman’s illustrious uncle; hospitable
LUNINGNING – priestess; woman in love; had her
(1)BEAUTY
(2)YOUTH
(3)WOMANHOOD – fatal for a priestess
Legazpi’s words:
- COME AS A FRIEND
- WILL NOT EXTRACT TRIBUTE
- WILL HONOUR OUR WAYS
Suliman decreed for his father’s burial:
- SONGS
- DANCES
- DRESSES MATCHED W/ THE COLOR OF RAINBOW
HYMN OF JOY – how the people welcomed the transformation
SPANISH FRIENDSHIP – Lakandula was convinced of
A POWER – Suliman sensed in the Spaniards w/c inspired him w/ something akin to fear
INTIMACY B/W PRIEST & COMMANDER – gave Suliman an evil presentiment
AWESOMENESS – Suliman dread in alliance
CROSSED THE SEAS IN THE WILL OF GOD – Legazpi said that gave Suliman distate
TEARS IN EVERYONE’S EYE – how people react in the razing of Manila
DEATH OF LUNINGNING – another tragedy in Suliman’s life
DARED TO CONSIDER HAPPINESS AS MAN’S GIFT TO HIMSELF – one offense
PI NTADOS – painted ones
SAMAR – where Suliman get the people for his army
MACABEBE & MALOLOS CHIEFTAINS – eager to fight with him
BANGKUSAY – many bloods shed; where the enemies are
The Eternal Problems of the Calendar
CHRONOLOGY – calendar making is “essentialâ€
- begins with a MONTH
- hampered by a RELATIVE SENSE OF TIME
SUN & MOON – dictate the calendar w/ absolute authority
REVOLUTION OF THE MOON – most obvious movement in the heavens
NEW MOON’S 1ST APPEARANCE –moment celebrated among early primitive people
FLOODS OF NILE – more convenient measure for the year in Egypt; came anually w/ extreme regularity
SIRIUS – dog of Orion, star
REAPPEARANCE OF SIRIUS – Egyptian New Year
365 DAYS – true length of the year to the Egyptians
BABYLONIANS – developed the method of intercalaration
TOOK THE AVERAGE OF COUNTLESS OBSERVATIONS – noteworthy of the Babylonian astronomers
2000 BC – Chinese discovery of the true length of the year
GREGORIAN REFORM OF 1585 – order of Julius Caesar
VENUS – 2nd principal divinity among the Mayans; replaced the moon
MAYAN CALENDAR – most accurate
12 & 30 – sacred numbers
GREEKS – 29 days a month; 7 intercalary months every 19 years
MOON – most capricious of all heavenly bodies; most difficult to fit in any type of calendar
TRUE LENGTH [YEAR]: 365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes, 9.539 seconds
TRUE LENGTH [MONTH]: 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes, 2.8 seconds
UNIVERSAL DREAM OF HUMANITY – to build a model of a firmament showing the various movements of heavenly bodies
CARL ZEISS – works in JENA GERMANY; made a projection apparatus
ARCHIMEDES – planetarium
Days:
- SUN - Sunday
- MOON - Monday
- MARS - Tuesday
- MERCURY - Wednesday
- JUPITER - Thursday
- VENUS - Friday
- SATURN – Saturday
Months:
January - JANUS
February – FEBRUA – Roman Fest of Purification
March - MARS
April – L. APRILIS; APRU
May – MAIA; BONA DEA; fertility
June - JUNO
July – Julius Caesar
August – Augustus Caesar
September – Septem, 7th
October – Octo, 8th
November – Novem, 9th
December – Decem, 10th; time of (1)peace
(2)merriment
(3)good-will
The Jars
Setting: DON LOLO’s FARMHOUSE ON THE CREST OF A HILL, OCTOBER
4 Major Characters:
- DON LOLO – a Sicilian farmer
- ‘MPARI PE – boos farmer to Don Lolo
- SCIME – lawyer
- ZI DIMA LICASI – tinker; repairman
DON – mister
ZI – uncle
‘MPARI – compare; godfather
‘GNA - signora
3 things ‘Mpari Pe accused the olive gatherers:
- they’re spreading their olives all over the road
- they don’t look where they’re going
- they’re singing with their noses in the air
DAMN MUD – dust from the throne of God Almighty
“NO WORDS, NO MANNER†– Don Lolo said about Zi Dima
“IT’S MY WORK THAN EARNS MY LIVING†– Zi Dima’s reply to Don Lolo
EYEGLASSES – Zi Dima got from his dirty kerchief
2 Olive Shakers:
- TARARA
- FILLICO – told Zi Dima to mend the jar
3 Olive Gatherers:
- LA ‘GNA TANA
- LA TRISUZZA
- CARMINELLA
NOCIARELLO – a country lad
12 – payment agreed for the load of fertilizer
25 – cost of the jar
a third or 8.33 – amount Don Lolo asked Zi Dima to pay upon breaking his jar
Short Story – fictional narrative in prose
Elements(8):
- CHARACTER – person in literary work
- CHARACTERIZATION – direct description, presentation of characters
- PLOT – careful arrangement of incidents
- CONFLICT – struggle between 2 opposing forces
- CRISIS – point at w/c action turns 7 the fortune changes
- DENOUEMENT – final resolution of conflicts
- CLIMAX – highest of all moments in the story
- THEME – central dominating idea
PLAY – drama or theatrical work
Elements of Narration(7):
- SETTING – where the story took place
- CHARACTERS
- CONFLICT – has 2 levels (1)EXTERNAL
(2)INTERNAL
- CLIMAX – point where the opposing forces reach their moment of concentration; highest point of interest
- RESOLUTION – untying of the plot where the conflict is resolved
- CONCLUSION – ending
- THEME – message
Namayapa na ang koreanang actress na si Jung Da Bin (Jeong Hye-Seon) na kilala bilang Noreen ng Attic Cat. 